Penology and the Corrections System

1. Although the primary social function of corrections is to add bulge out the criminal sentence (Clear, Cole, and Reising 8), the brass is actually responsible for managing persons from the magazine they are accused of a criminal offense until they are tried and afterwards, if they are convicted and sentenced. A sentence can be community service, drug discussion, probation, jail, or prison; or a combination of two or more of these. Therefore, the corrections frame is made up of some(prenominal) public and private agencies and departments to grapple the myriad programs, services, and institutions required to carry out the different sentences possible. It is straightforward that corrections is a immense system that necessarily encompasses several(prenominal) public and private agencies to assemble its responsibilities of carrying out sentences.\n\n2. Throughout the floor of North America attempts at social control control gone back and onwards from methods of punishmen t to treatment and rehabilitation. The changes were initiated by tradition, religious beliefs, social change, invigorated research, or because the then accredited method wasnt working. preliminary to the 1970s, the rate of prison population was mostly stable at approximately 90 to cxx inmates per 100,000 citizens (Clear, Cole, and Reising 4). In the 1970s a team of correctional researchers cerebrate that specimen of rehabilitation being utilized was not having whatsoever positive effect on recidivism. In 1974, Richard Martinson, a component of that research team, became known for express nothing works with keep to correctional treatment (Fry 2010). The treatment paradigm shifted to a get-tough model; more and nightlong prison sentences for offenders. Subsequently, the U.S. experienced tremendous, uninterrupted maturation in prison populations for everyplace 30 years. Crime range appeared to have little to do with the increases. Crime policies such as three strikes la ws, mandatory minimum, longer sentences, and zero tolerance caused frequently of the g...